Best Polynomial Approximations in $L_2$ and Widths of Some Classes of Functions

Abstract

We obtain the exact values of extremal characteristics of a special form that connect the best polynomial approximations of functions $f(x) ∈ L_2^r(r ∈ ℤ_{+})$ and expressions containing moduli of continuity of the $k$th order $ω_k(f^{(r)}, t)$. Using these exact values, we generalize the Taikov result for inequalities that connect the best polynomial approximations and moduli of continuity of functions from $L_2$. For the classes $F (k, r, Ψ*)$ defined by $ω_k(f^{(r)}, t)$ and the majorant $Ψ(t)=t^{4k/π^2}$, we determine the exact values of different widths in the space $L_2$.